Kiln.



E. P. STEVENS.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21, 1912. 1,1 1 1 ,871 Patented Sept. 29, 1914.

2 SHEETSSHBET l.

El l I I l Kooffiigeaey y 'HIE NORRIS PETERS 1:04. PHOTO-LITHO.. WASHINGTON. u. 1..

E. P. STEVENS.

KILN.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 21, 1912.

Patented Sept. 29, 1914.

2 SHEETS-$111113 2.

IHE NORRIS PETERS CO., PHOTO-LITHO.. WASHINGTON. 04 C.

flnnocn r. STEVEN/S, or cnrcaeo', ILLINoIs,

.KILN.

Specification a Ihetteis Patent.

Patentease aaa 1914.

Application filed November 21, 1912. Serial No. 732,627.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, ENOCH P. STEVENS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ohicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new'anduseful Improvements in Kilns, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to kilns, and refers particularly to kilns used for burning bricks,

tiles, and other similar ceramicmaterial. I

It is one of the objects of my invention to provide a kiln in which there shall be an even distribution of heat throughout the entire interior of the kiln so that the ma terial within the kiln may be uniformlyheated.

A further object of my invention consists 1n providlng a great radlation surface .so.

considerably reduced from the amount heretofore employed in similar operations.

The various advantages of my invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which show a preferred embodiment of my improvements, and in which:

Figure 1. is a vertical section through my improved kiln; Fig. 2 is an enlarged horizontal section taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged vertical section showing a portion of the fire box and the flues connected therewith; and Fig. 4c is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section taken on the line 4- 1 of Fig. 1.

My improved kiln is preferably rectangular in shape, and rests on the foundation 10, of concrete, or other suitable material. On each side of the kiln is located a series of fire boxes 11 having the grates 12. Each of these fire boxes is provided with a fire door 13 in the usual manner. From each of the fire boxes 11 a plurality of flues 14 extend upwardly just inside of the side walls 15 of the kiln. Each of the flues 14 continues into a roof fine 16 within the roof 17, andthen communicates in tur'navitli the central flue 18, the lower end of which is connected with the floor flue 19. Extending parallel with the floor flues 19 and alternating therewith are the floor flues 20, which communicate with flues 19 through the passages 21. Each of the flues 20 communicates with a central chimney flue 22. 1 1

As clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2, my kiln is built with two chambers 23 and 2 1, the flues of each of these chambers being similar to each other." The corresponding flues 20 of each chamber preferably communicate with asingle central chnnneyfiue 22, but, if desired, this chimney flue maybe provided with a vertical partition so that the two chambers of the kiln may be operated entirely independently of each other;

'Asclearly shown in Fig. 2, the hollow tiles forming theflues 19 areslightlyseparated from the hollow tiles forming the flues 20,, so that radiation surfaces are obtained on three of thefour sides ofeach tile.

As clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 4-, the tiles of theroof flues 16 project beyond the intermediate bricks 33, thereby affording excellentradiation from thesurfaces of the roof tiles, while the tiles of the flues 18 similarly project beyond the surfaces of the brickwork of the chimney flues 22.

As best shown in Figs. 1 and 3, a passage communicates with the exterior, and leads to each of the passages 21 between the floor flues l9 and 20. By means of these passages 34 it will be evident that additional air is mixed with the gases passing from the flues 19 to the flues 20, and perfect combustion is thereby assured. The end walls 25 of the kiln are provided with fire boxes 26, access to which is obtained through the fire doors 27. The flues 28 lead upwardly from the fire boxes 26 and communicate with the flue 29, which, in turn, communicates with a readily understood: The fire boxes 11 being provided with fuel, the gases pass upwardly through the flues 1 1 into the flues 16, and

then down through the flues 18. From the latter the gases pass into the floor flues 19 into the connecting. passages 21. At this point air is introduced through the passages 34., and combustion is thereby further promoted and the gases continue through the flues 20 into the chimney flues 22, from which they escape into the atmosphere. At the same time the gases from the fire boxes 26 pass through the flues 28 into the flues 29, and are then conducted through a suitable stack to the atmosphere.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that considerable change could be made in the detailed construction of the parts which I have described without departing from the spirit or scope of my invention.

What i claim is:

l. A kiln comprising a heating chamber, a plurality of heating flues forming an inner side of the chamber, the walls of adj acent fiues being separated from each other throughout substantially the widths of the fines, and the spaces between the flues being open to the heating chamber.

2; A'kiln comprising a heating chamber, a plurality of heating flues extending across the chamber and forming the floor thereof, the walls of adjacent fines being separated from each other throughout substantially the vertical widths of the fiues, and the spaces between the fiues being open to the heating chamber.

3. A kiln comprising a heating chamber, a firebox in one wall of the chamber, flues leading upwardly from the firebox, each flue extending through the adjacent wall, across the top of the chamber to the opposite side Wall thereof, thence downwardly through said opposite wall to the fioor, thence across the floor and back to said opposite wall, and finally upwardly through said opposite wall.

4. A kiln comprising a heating chamber, a firebox in one wall of the chamber, flues leading upwardly from the firebox, each fine extending through the adjacent wall, across the top of the chamber to the opposite side wall thereof, thence downwardly through said opposite wall to the floor, thence across the floor and back to said opposite wall, and finally upwardly through said opposite wall, the walls of adjacent fiues being separated from each other throughout substantially the widths of the lines, and the spaces be tween the fiues being open to the heating chamber.

ENOCH P. STEVENS. Witnesses HENRY M. HUXLEY, L. E. HANNEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. 

